Also called Purple Coneflower and native to the U.S., this plant was the most widely used medicinal plant of the Central Plains Indians, being used for a variety of conditions. The leaf and root are mildly antibacterial, antiviral, and used for wound healing. 1 It contains hundreds almost 100 different chemicals. 2 Echinacea purpurea is claimed to strengthen the immune system as well as prevent and treat colds and flu.

Treatment and prevention of upper respiratory infections caused by various bacterial and viral infections including the common cold and influenza. Two different ways to take echinacea have been advocated: the first involves daily use to prevent illness; the second involves using at the first signs of a cold or flu-like illness with discontinuation of the herb after symptoms have resolved.

• 300-400 milligram dried extract three time daily or 2-3 ml tincture three times daily

Side Effects

• Rash, itching
• Uncertain long-term effects on the immune system

Bottom line

Inconclusive evidence whether effective. No well controlled U.S. studies to date. Scandinavian and German studies conflicting: some studies show benefit if used early in the treatment of a cold but not for prevention. 3 Other studies show no difference between Echinacea and placebo. Does not appear harmful when used at recommended dosages.

Top

1.   American Botanical Council     http://www.herbalgram.org

2.   Herb Research Foundation       http://www.herbs.org

3.   Phytochemical database by James A. Duke       http://www.ars-grin.gov/duke/

4.   Adapted from Mar C, Bent S. An evidence-based review of the 10 most commonly       used herbs. WJM 1999;171:168-71

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